Tel: +1 202 223 6262Fax: +1 202 223 3065Privacy Policy. The AGGI provides a way for this warming influence to be presented as a simple index. Velders, G. J. M., S. O. Andersen, J. S. Daniel, D. W. Fahey, and M. McFarland, (2007). Using 1990 as a baseline, the index shows the combined warming influence from greenhouse gases—including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons—and reveals which gases contribute most to the index value each year. Measured global atmospheric abundances of greenhouse gases are used to calculate changes in radiative forcing beginning in 1979 when NOAA's global air sampling network expanded significantly. Radiative forcing from the sum of observed CFC changes ceased increasing in about 2000 and continued to decline through 2019 [Montzka et al., 2011], despite increases in emissions of CFC-11 in recent years [Montzka et al., 2018]. This index is designed to help bridge that gap. The role of carbon dioxide in climate forcing from 1979 - 2004: Introduction of the Annual Greenhouse Gas Index. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, R/GMD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328 Weekly data are used from a subset of these sites to create a smoothed north-south latitude profile from which a global average is calculated (Figure 2). This continued decline is a response to global controls placed on CFC production and trade by the fully adjusted and amended Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Equivalent CO2 atmospheric amounts (in ppm) are derived with the relationship (Table 1) between CO2 concentrations and radiative forcing from all long-lived greenhouse gases. The change in energy flux (expressed in Watts/square meter) at the tropopause or top of the atmosphere due to a change in a climate driver (such as changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations). Etheridge, D.M., L.P. Steele, R.L. Radiative forcing, relative to 1750, of all the long-lived greenhouse gases. Click here to download this table as comma separated values (csv). Gases that absorb heat in the atmosphere near the Earth's surface, preventing it from escaping into space. Radiative forcing from CH4 increased since 2007 after remaining nearly constant from 1999 to 2006. The AGGI provides standardized information about how human activity has affected the climate … James.H.Butler@noaa.gov The 15 minor halogenated gases contribute The remaining 4%. We present here an index that is directly proportional to the change in the direct warming influence since 1750 (also known as climate forcing) supplied from these gases. IPCC takes the pre-industrial era (chosen as the year 1750) as the baseline. Keeling [Keeling et al., 1958], and atmospheric changes derived from air trapped in ice and snow above glaciers [Machida et al., 1995, Battle et al., 1996, Etheridge, et al., 1996; Butler, et al., 1999]. Novelli, S.A. Montzka, K.A. Gatti, (2009). Conversion of NOAA atmospheric dry air CH4 mole fractions to a gravimetrically-prepared standard scale. The Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) is defined as the ratio of total direct radiative forcing due to long-lived greenhouse gases for any year for which adequate global measurements exist, to that which was present in 1990. Keeling [Keeling et al., 1958], and from measurements of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in air trapped in snow and ice in Antarctica and Greenland [Etheridge et al., 1996; Butler et al,, 1999]. The warming influence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased substantially over the last several decades. Climate.gov Climate Change: Annual Greenhouse Gas Index, USDA’s Climate Indicators for Agriculture report (July 2020), NOAA Funding Opportunities for Developing Indicators (FY19 NOAA/CPO/MAPP), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, a set of 15 minor, long-lived halogenated gases.

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