Cults tend to lack a fixed religious doctrine, and typically have very loose religious beliefs, which are open to a wide range of interpretation by members. Such groups might be appealing to those who feel like they are losing out with the changes globalization brings. He claimed that New Age Sources: Haralambos and Holborn (2013) Sociology Themes and Perspectives, edition 8. These type of religious movement have normally broken off from an already existing mainstream church or religious organisation, and they are thus very close to  Niebuhr’s category of the denomination. Bruce argued that the Haralambos and Holborn: Sociology Themese and Perspectives, Chapman et al: Sociology AQA A-Level Year 2 Student Book. NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTSSince 1960s there has been an explosion in number of new religions and organisations this has led to new attempts to classify them. Many churches today do not claim a monopoly on the truth, they tend to be tolerant of other faiths. Some of them may act as ‘total institutions’, controlling every aspects of members’ lives. PLAY. Individuals has the right to decide what is and what is not true. Most of the existing World Rejecting NRMs may appeal precisely because they reject mainstream society, which has effectively rejected impoverished ethnic minority groups. There is very little commitment involved with being a member. Their religious ideology tends to be highly critical of mainstream society (and possible mainstream religions within that society). Start studying Sociology Religous Organisations. Such people are typically from middle class background and they have witnessed their parents being successful, but not necessarily being happy. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. He believes the weakness of conventional - The term 'church' is particularly associated with the Christian religion. They do not have an hierarchy of paid officials. Return to Book Two Activities List. Roy Wallis has suggested that it is more useful to distinguish between different types of sect according to their orientation to the wider society – such as world affirming, world accommodating and world rejecting. Unlike World Affirming Movements, World Accommodating Movements are not obsessed with ‘maxing out personal spiritual growth’, they are more about helping members cope with their ordinary lives, improving their quality of life within in society. Examples of denominations include the Methodists, the Pentecostals and the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Firstly, some religious organisations have made a conscious effort to be more accepting of diversity, as a response to the increasing intermixing of cultures. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. They tend to be more individualistic than other forms of religion. Such movements are especially accessible to young people as they have fewer attachments, and for wealthier kids, it’s less of a risk because they know they can always go back and live off their parents if they have enough of their ‘spiritual phase’. Yet Bruce believe that few sects do manage to survive Cults correspond closely to Roy Wallis’ category of ‘World Affirming New Religious Movements’. His distinction was based on a study of religion in the U.S.A. Many religious organisations have some elements of more than one type. It is often the case with typologies that reality never quite fits with the theory. Then you need to link together different reasons why these type of people might join this type of group. becoming denominations. There is little attempt to control members lives, low commitment. According to Troeltsch* Churches have about 5 characteristics: Steve Bruce (1996) suggests that the above definition of church may have been true in pre-modern Christian societies, but ever since the Reformation, and especially since the increase of religious pluralism, this type of definition of a ‘church’ no longer applies to organisations which formally call themselves churches in modern societies – organisations such as the Church of England. In modern members ‘buy spiritual services’ from the group. Exam practice questions – 9 in total including three 10 mark ‘outline and explain’ questions, three 10 mark ‘analyse using the item’ questions and three 20 mark essay questions. appearance of many new religious organisations. subcultures, however some sects with radical ideology (e.g.

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