2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. Due to the slow decay rate of these isotopes, it should not meaningfully influence the properties of uranium dioxide solar cells and thermoelectric devices, but it may become an important factor for VLSI chips. Note that the thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide is very low when compared with uranium, uranium nitride, uranium carbide and zirconium cladding material. The regularity of the lattice arrangement has an important effect on kph, with crystalline (well-ordered) materials like quartz having a higher thermal conductivity than amorphous materials like glass. UO2 is used mainly as nuclear fuel, specifically as UO2 or as a mixture of UO2 and PuO2 (plutonium dioxide) called a mixed oxide (MOX fuel), in the form of fuel rods in nuclear reactors. Uranium dioxide is also resistant to radiation damage, making it useful for rad-hard devices for special military and aerospace applications. ISBN 978–92–0–106508–7. Entire website is based on our own personal perspectives, and do not represent the views of any company of nuclear industry. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. Published experimental data relating to the thermal expansion, between 291 K and the melting temperature, of stoichiometric UO2, UO2 + x and mixed (U, Pu) … Experimental 2.1. Urania has also been used in formulations of enamel and porcelain. for degradation of volatile organic compounds in gaseous phase, oxidation of methane to methanol, and removal of sulfur from petroleum. January 1993. The uncertainty of this correlation is +10% in the range from 298.15 to 2000 K and +20% in the range from 2000 to 3120 K. In 1958 the military in both the US and Europe allowed its commercial use again as depleted uranium, and its use began again on a more limited scale. Addison-Wesley Pub. Linear thermal expansion of the microcell and UO 2 pellets (axial and radial directions) was measured in the temperature range of 200–1500 °C in Ar environment by a push rod type dilatometer (Netzsch, Dil402C). U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Physics and Reactor Theory. Its intrinsic conductivity at room temperature is about the same as of single crystal silicon.[9]. It is possible to determine with a Geiger counter if a glaze or glass produced before 1958 contains urania. Depleted UO2 (DUO2) can be used as a material for radiation shielding. Godfrey et al. EDP Sciences, 2008. ISBN: 9781118137253. Our Website follows all legal requirements to protect your privacy. Williams. MEI Press, 2003. No other elemental dioxides have the fluorite structure. The uncertainty of this correlation is +10% in the range from 298.15 to 2000 K and +20% in the range from 2000 to 3120 K. Special reference: Thermal and Nuclear Power Plants/Handbook ed. On the other hand the uranium dioxide has very high melting point and has well known behavior. For nonmetallic solids, k is determined primarily by kph, which increases as the frequency of interactions between the atoms and the lattice decreases. eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'nuclear_power_net-medrectangle-3','ezslot_0',111,'0','0']));Thermal conductivity of solid UO2 with a density of 95% is estimated by following correlation [Klimenko; Zorin]: where τ = T/1000. by A.V. Glasstone, Sesonske. [8], The band gap of uranium dioxide is comparable to those of silicon and gallium arsenide, near the optimum for efficiency vs band gap curve for absorption of solar radiation, suggesting its possible use for very efficient solar cells based on Schottky diode structure; it also absorbs at five different wavelengths, including infrared, further enhancing its efficiency. [11], Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. This is an advantage over Si and GaAs in the construction of integrated circuits, as it may allow higher density integration with higher breakdown voltages and with lower susceptibility to the CMOS tunnelling breakdown. PA 2008, "Accurate lattice parameter measurements of stoichiometric uranium dioxide", "Molten uranium dioxide structure and dynamics", "Reactions of Plutonium Dioxide with Water and Oxygen-Hydrogen Mixtures: Mechanisms for Corrosion of Uranium and Plutonium", Semiconducting properties of uranium oxides, Free Dictionary Listing for Uranium Dioxide, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uranium_dioxide&oldid=964011200, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2017, Articles with changed ChemSpider identifier, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2005, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 June 2020, at 02:30. Prior to the realisation of the harmfulness of radiation, uranium was included in false teeth and dentures, as its slight fluorescence made the dentures appear more like real teeth in a variety of lighting conditions. It is reported that the thermal expansion of lanthanide-added uranium dioxide varies with the concentration of lanthanide. Paul Reuss, Neutron Physics. The Seebeck coefficient of uranium dioxide at room temperature is about 750 µV/K, a value significantly higher than the 270 µV/K of thallium tin telluride (Tl2SnTe5) and thallium germanium telluride (Tl2GeTe5) and of bismuth-tellurium alloys, other materials promising for thermoelectric power generation applications and Peltier elements. The electrochemistry of uranium dioxide has been investigated in detail as the galvanic corrosion of uranium dioxide controls the rate at which used nuclear fuel dissolves. Water increases the oxidation rate of plutonium and uranium metals.[4][5]. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 and 2. W. M. Stacey, Nuclear Reactor Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 2001, ISBN: 0- 471-39127-1. A 2.7^ enriched UO2 of 97^ theoretical density gave the empirical formula of UO2 thermal conductivity between 970°K and 2020°K as K = (0.0227T + 3.38)'^ + 6.6 x lO'^^T^ W/cm-°K (1) The graph below shows the different temperature gradients in different fuel compounds.

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